CEDELES, CHARITY
HAGHANI RAD, NASRIN
PEREZ, REISS
RAHIMI, KIMIA
DNA Replication.1
http://www.youtube.com/user/garlandscience#p/c/86FB28667714C01D/3/-mtLXpgjHL0
In a replication fork, two DNA polymerases collaborate to copy the leading-strand template and the lagging-strand template DNA. This video shows the process by which DNA replication occurs.
This video is from:
Essential Cell Biology, 3rd Edition
Alberts, Bray, Hopkin, Johnson, Lewis, Raff, Roberts, & Walter
ISBN: 978-0-8153-4129-1
Achieving bilateral symmetry doesn't require separate sets of genes for each side.
I see lots of beauty and art in nature as well.Amazing example of irreducible complexity. This the most efficient, significant process in the world. So finely tuned and designed, so much more than humans could ever produce on this scale.
Absolutely amazing. I was completely perplexed over the "backwards" description of the copying. So I was amazed to find this animation. Even then It's taken me a couple of seconds to figure out what is happening because it is so fast.
DNA REPLICATION
DNA TRANCRITION:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ztPkv7wc3yU&feature=related
BLUE blob going through the helix:That's called RNA polymerase, it's the enzyme that copies RNA using one of the DNA strands as a template
It's a great video... some mistakes here and there, but it's good overall.:))
TRANSLATION:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5bLEDd-PSTQ
A.)mRNA
-The codons found within the mRNA.
-The small subunit of the ribosome attached to the mRNA.
-A tRNA molecule.
-The tRNA anti-codon is complementary to the mRNA codon.
-The amino acid known as methionine.
-The first tRNA molecule attaches to the first site of translation.
-The second tRNA molecule attaches to the second site of translation.
-The amino acid from the first tRNA is transferred to the amino acid on the second tRNA.
-The first tRNA exits, the ribosome moves, a new tRNA enters, and the process is repeated.
-The process is repeated many times, and a peptide, or strand of amino acids, is formed.
-The release factor enters.
-Translation, or protein synthesis, ends.
-The completed peptide is released.
B.) ININIATION
C.) ELONGATION
D.) TERMINATION
END: Protein synthesis is now complete. The peptide chain is ready to act as a protein or be combined with other chains to form larger, polypeptide proteins.
TRANSLATION.1
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-zb6r1MMTkc&feature=related
Pretty amazing that stuff like this occurs naturally. Starting to see why intelligent design people think the way they do.
"E site" next to the "P site" and "A site": EXIT - POLIPEPTIDE - AND ARRIVE
start and stop codons used to separate genes: start and stop codons are more a matter of translation (mRNA to protein) than a matter of gene separation. Genes in DNA are not necessarily contiguous sequences; that gets rather complicated. But within the gene there would be trinucleotides complementary to start and stop codons. As you know, the start and stop codon simply indicate where the protein product is to start and stop
in DNA replication T always pairs with A
A pairs with U during transcription in protein synthesis where complementary RNA bases are paired with the DNA on the sense strand.
simple version
"A double strand of DNA unwinds" make it seems like a spontaneous process, which isn't. At the body temperature, a large activation energy is required to unwind DNA; and denatured strands anneal back
DNA TRANSCRIPTION:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WsofH466lqk
Molecules in the cell bump and jiggle and drift all the time. When they bump in such a way as to cause a reaction, a reaction occurs. This is a bit like kids in a mosh pit. They move fairly randomly around the crowd. When one friend finds another, he lifts him up to crowdsurf. If one finds his girlfriend, they hold hands. Substitute chemical affinity for friendship, and think of lifting the friend up as a reaction.
great clip! clearly explains transcription!
during transcription, the DNA needs to be single stranded to create a mRNA strand